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Studies

Gartstein & Rothbart (2002): study US Oregon 1997

Publication

Author(s):
Gartstein, M.A.; Rothbart, M.K.
Title:
Studying infant temperament via the Revised Infant Behavior Questionnaire
Source:
Infant Behavior & Development 26 (2003) 64-86

Investigation

Public
3-12 months aged infants, Oregon, United States, 199?
Survey name
Unnamed study
Sample
Non-probability purposive sample
Respondents
N = 361
Non Response
24%
Assessment
Questionnaire: Paper & Pencil Interview (PAPI)
Revised Infant Behavior Questionnaire; Raters mostly mothers (90%), data also collected from secondary caregiver (58% fathers) of 26 infants (4-12 months aged)

Happiness Measure(s) and Distributional Findings

Full text:
Rating by parents of smiling and laughter in different non-threatening or familiar situations, such as:

How often during the last week did your child smile or laugh when given a toy?
1  never
2  very rarely
3  less than half the time
4  half the time
5  more than half the time
6  almost always
7  always

Full list of situations not reported.

Part of Rothbart Revised Infant Behavior Questionnaire
Classification:
A-CA-cw-rdf-v-7-b
Author's label:
Smile and Laughter
Page in publication:
72, 73
Error estimates:
Reliability of the 10 items: Age Group 1 (3-6 months): 0.85 Age Group 2 (6-9 months): 0.72 Age Group 3 (9-12 months): 0.82
Observed distribution
Summary Statistics
On original range 1 - 7 On range 0-10
Mean:
5.08 6.80
SD:
0.89 1.48
Full text:
Rating by parents of pleasure in different high stimulus intensity situations, such as:

During a peek-a-boo game, how often did the baby smile?
1  never
2  very rarely
3  less than half the time
4  about half the time
5  more than half the time
6  almost always
7  always

Full list of situations not reported.

Part of Rothbart Revised Infant Behavior Questionnaire
Classification:
A-CA-cw-rdf-v-7-ab
Author's label:
High Intensity Pleasure
Page in publication:
72, 73
Error estimates:
Reliability of the 11 items: Age Group 1 (3-6 months): 0.77 Age Group 2 (6-9 months): 0.76 Age Group 3 (9-12 months): 0.80
Observed distribution
Summary Statistics
On original range 1 - 7 On range 0-10
Mean:
5.95 6.80
SD:
0.66 1.48
Full text:
Rating by parents of pleasure in different low stimulus intensity situations, such as:

When playing quietly with one of his/her favorite toys, how often did the baby show pleasure?
1  never
2  very rarely
3  less than half the time
4  about half the time
5  more than half the time
6  almost always
7  always

Full list of situations not reported.

Part of Rothbart Revised Infant Behavior Questionnaire
Classification:
A-CA-cw-rdf-v-7-ba
Author's label:
Low Intensity Pleasure
Page in publication:
72, 73
Error estimates:
Reliability of the 13 items: Age Group 1 (3-6 months): 0.81 Age Group 2 (6-9 months): 0.87 Age Group 3 (9-12 months): 0.80
Observed distribution
Summary Statistics
On original range 1 - 7 On range 0-10
Mean:
5.08 6.80
SD:
0.89 1.48

Correlational Findings

Author's label Subject Description Finding Approach Interested Vocal Reactivity Positive reacting High Pleasure A-CA by A-CA
Positive reacting
Smile/Laughter A-CA by A-CA
Positive reacting
Activity Active Perceptual Sensitivity Mental activity
Active
Sadness Coping-success rating by others
Suggestible
Distress to Limitations Irritable
Vulnerable
Fear Coping-success rating by others
Vulnerable
Falling Reactivity Coping-success rating by others
Secure
Low Pleasure Mental activity
Positive reacting
Cuddliness Positive reacting Duration of Orienting Interested Soothability Coping-success rating by others
Vulnerable
Caregivers A-CA by A-CA Age Age difference among young people Gender Sexe: male (vs female)