Findings on happiness in Ludwigs (2014): study DE 2014

Publication
Author(s)Ludwigs, K.
TitleDoes the Awareness of Individual Happiness have an Effect on Individual Happiness? ( Hat das Nachdenken über das individuelle Glücksempfinden einen Einfluss auf das individuelle Glücksempfinden?)
SourceM.Sc., Heinrich-Heine University, 2014, Düsseldorf, Germany
Investigation
PublicUsers of a happiness app and controls, followed 9 weeks. Germany 2014
Survey nameUnnamed study
 Happiness Analyzer
SampleNon-probability self-selected
 Psychology students were recruited via flyers on university campus, newsletters on facebook, mailings and presentations of the study in their classes. Other users recruited via facebook messages, emails and again with flyers at the university. In order to control for participants’ motivation to participate in the study, they were first merely asked whether they would participate in the group that is going to use a happiness app. If they answered that they did not have an Android Smartphone they were informed about “a different study” in which they just needed to complete some online-questionnaires about happiness. As a reward, every participant who finished the entire study took part in a lottery for a 250 Euro Amazon voucher and got an individual happiness-profile. Additionally, the psychology students in the “App-Group” got six half “participant hours”, and the psychology students in the questionnaire group got two (they need to have 60 in total as part of their bachelor degree).
Respondents N =349
 192 Experimental 157 controls
Non ResponseNot available
 Drop out: 24%
AssesmentQuestionnaire: web
Happiness measure(s) used
Full textSelfreport on single question: Taking all things together, how happy would you say you are? 0 extremely unhappy 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 extremely happy - don't know - no answer
ClassificationO-HL-u-sq-n-11-a
Author's labelcore happiness
Page in publication27
Finding used in
nation ranks		Yes
Full textSelfreport on single question: All things considered, how satisfied are you with your life as a whole nowadays? 0 extremely dissatisfied 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 extremely satisfied - don't know - no answer
ClassificationO-SLW-c-sq-n-11-cd
Author's labelcore life satisfaction
Page in publication27
Finding used in
nation ranks		Yes
Full textSelfreport on 10 questions: During the past few weeks, did you ever feel ....? (yes/no) A Particularly excited or interested in something? B So restless that you couldn't sit long in a chair? C Proud because someone complimented you on something you had done? D Very lonely or remote from other people? E Pleased about having accomplished something? F Bored? G On top of the world? H Depressed or very unhappy? I That things were going your way? J Upset because someone criticized you? Answer options and scoring: yes = 1 no = 0 Summation: -Positive Affect Score (PAS): A+C+E+G+I -Negative Affect Score (NAS): B+D+F+H+J -Affect Balance Score (ABS): PAS minus NAS Possible range: -5 to +5 Name: Bradburn's 'Affect Balance Scale' (standard version)
ClassificationA-BB-cm-mq-v-2-a
Author's labelAffect balance
Page in publication27
Finding used in
nation ranks		Yes
Full textSelfreport on single question repeated 6 times a day during 4 weeks How happy are you? 0 unhappy 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 happy All numbers presented with faces Computation: Average all ratings
ClassificationA-AOL-mi-sqr-f-11-ab
Author's labelExperience sampling happiness
Finding used in
nation ranks		Yes
Full textSelfreport on a) activities of the previous day and b) how one had felt during these activities (DRM) How did you feel during that activity? 10 happy 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 unhappy All numbers presented with faces Computation: Average happiness over all activities/time
ClassificationA-AA-yd-mqr-fn-11-b
Author's labelDay Reconstruction
Finding used in
nation ranks		Yes

Correlational findings

Author's label Our subject description
Domain satisfaction questionnaireshow  Multiple aspect evaluations of life
DRM-Happinessshow  A-AOL by A-AB
DRM-Happinessshow  Method of interrogation, also classified as above ↑
DRM-Happinessshow  O-HL by A-AOL, also classified as above ↑
DRM-Happinessshow  O-SL by A-AOL, also classified as above ↑
EMS-Happinessshow  A-AOL by A-AB
EMS-Happinessshow  Method of interrogation, also classified as above ↑
EMS-Happinessshow  O-HL by A-AOL, also classified as above ↑
EMS-Happinessshow  O-SL by A-AOL, also classified as above ↑
Flourishing Scaleshow  Flourishing scales
Retrospective Happinessshow  O-HL by A-AB
Retrospective Happinessshow  O-HL by O-SL, also classified as above ↑
Retrospective Life-satisfactionshow  Method of interrogation
Retrospective Life-satisfactionshow  O-SL by A-AB, also classified as above ↑
Satisfaction With Life Scale SWLSshow  Happiness inventories involving unacceptable items
Subjective Wellbeing indexshow  Happiness inventories involving unacceptable items
Use of the happiness-Analysershow  Exercise
Use of the happiness-Analysershow  Mood awareness training, also classified as above ↑
Use of the happiness-Analysershow  No particular setting, recruitment on interest, also classified as above ↑
Use of the happiness-Analysershow  On invitation, payed in money or study credit, also classified as above ↑
Use of the happiness-Analysershow  Perceived sources of one's own happiness, also classified as above ↑
Use of the happiness-Analysershow  School, also classified as above ↑