Study

Publication
Author(s)	Graney, M.J.
Title	Happiness and Social Participation in Aging.
Source	Journal of Gerontology, 1975, Vol. 30, 701 - 706
Investigation
Public	62-89 aged females, followed 4 years, USA, 1967-71
Last assesment	1971
	1967-1971
Survey name	Not available
Sample	Not available
	Probability systematic random sample.
Respondents N =	44
Non Response	27%; 24% unattainable, 3% incomplete.
Assesment	Interview: face-to-face
	at home.
General remarks	Same study also reported in GRANE 1973A and 1973B
Happiness measure(s) used

Full text	Selfreport on 10 questions: During the past few weeks, did you ever feel ....? (yes/no) A Particularly excited or interested in something? B So restless that you couldn't sit long in a chair? C Proud because someone complimented you on something you had done? D Very lonely or remote from other people? E Pleased about having accomplished something? F Bored? G On top of the world? H Depressed or very unhappy? I That things were going your way? J Upset because someone criticized you? Answer options and scoring: yes = 1 no = 0 Summation: -Positive Affect Score (PAS): A+C+E+G+I -Negative Affect Score (NAS): B+D+F+H+J -Affect Balance Score (ABS): PAS minus NAS Possible range: -5 to +5 Name: Bradburn's 'Affect Balance Scale' (standard version)
Classification	A-BB-cm-mq-v-2-a
Author's label	Happiness
Remarks	Slightly positively skewed: 30% happy, 45% neutral, 25% unhappy (in 1971).
Finding used in nation ranks	Yes

Author's label	Subject Code Finding	Subject description
Association attendance	S07ab02	Attendance to meetings
Association member- ships	S07ab01	Membership of voluntary organizations
Attending religious services	R12ad02	Participation in church
Attending religious services more often	R12aa02	Change in religion
Changes in social activities over 4 years	S07aa02a	Change in amount of organizational participation
Changes in social activities over 4 years	S06aa02	Change in personal contacts, also classified as above ↑
Changes in social activities over 4 years	S08aa02	Change in total social participation, also classified as above ↑
Contacts with friends and relatives	S06ab	Current contacts
Contacts with neighbors	S06ab	Current contacts
Contacts with neighbors	L17ab01c	Social contacts in vinicity, also classified as above ↑
Frequency of telephone use	S06ab	Current contacts
Listening more to the radio	L03aa02b	Change in specific leisure activities
Listening to radio	L03ac02l	Tv watching, radio listening
Reading	L03ac02h	Reading
Reading more	L03aa02b	Change in specific leisure activities
Watching more television	L03aa02b	Change in specific leisure activities
Watching television	L03ac02l	Tv watching, radio listening