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Studies

Noelle-Neumann (1977a): study XZ Germany West 1976

Publication

Author(s):
Noelle-Neumann, E.
Title:
Politik und Glück. (Politics and Happiness).
Source:
Baier, H.;Ed.: "Freiheit und Sachzwang", West Deutscher Verlag, 1977, Opladen, Germany, 208 - 262

Investigation

Public
16+ aged, general public, West-Germany, 1976
Survey name
DE-Allensbacher Survey
Sample
Probability sample (unspecified)
Respondents
N = 7965
Non Response
Assessment
Interview: face-to-face

Happiness Measure(s) and Distributional Findings

Full text:
Interviewer-rating of cheerful appearance on 8 aspects

A  The look is
     2)  open
     1)  evasive
     -    impossible to say
B  The corners of the mouth turn
     2)  up
     1)  down  
     -    impossible to say
C  The posture is
     2)  relaxed, at ease
     1)  rather tense
     -    impossible to say
D  The movements are
     2)  relaxed, at ease
     1)  limited, withdrawn
     -    impossible to say
E   The eyes are
     2)  big, open
     1)  small, screw up
     -    impossible to say
F   The elbows are kept
     2)  not close to the body
     1)  close to the body
     -    impossible to say
G   The lips are more
      2)  broad, full
      1)  thin, pent up
      -    impossible to say
H   All in all the subject looks
      2) quite cheerful
      1)  not very cheerful
      -    difficult to say

Scoring: sum of aspect ratings

Name: `Allensbacher Ausdruckstest'
Classification:
A-CA-mh-ri-v-2-a
Author's label:
Cheerful appearance (Fröhlich Aussehen)
Remarks:
More positive ratings 70%
- More negative or equal ratings 30%
Error estimates:
Reliability: retest after 6 months: - 78% identical ratings with same interviewer - 64% identical ratings with other interviewer Validity:
Full text:
Interviewer rating of cheerfulness:

Altogether the respondent looks.....
2  quite cheerful
1  not too cheerful
-   difficult to say

Part of the 8 item Allensbacher Ausdrücktest which also involves ratings of cheerful appearance in: look, mouth, posture, movements, eyes, elbows and lips. This general rating is the last item in the test.
Classification:
A-CA-mh-ri-v-2-b
Author's label:
Cheerful Appearance (Fröhlich Aussehen)

Correlational Findings

Author's label Subject Description Finding Jobprestige Social prestige of occupation