Publication |
Author(s) | Lowenthal, M.F.; Chiriboga, D.A.; Thurnher, M. |
Title | Four Stages of Life. A Comparative Study of Women and Men Facing Transition. |
Source | Jossey-Bass, 1975, San Francisco, USA |
Investigation |
Public | People in transition, metropolis,USA, 1969 |
Survey name | Not available |
Sample | Non-probability purposive sample |
| A. high school seniors (facing college, job, marriage) chunk sample: class of senior high school, men N:25, women N:27
b. newly weds (facing parenthood) snowball sample: recruted by respondents and marriage lists. men N:25, women N:25
c. middle aged parents (facing empty nest) chunk sample: parents of high school students. men N:27, women N:27
d. elderly planning to retire. Snowball sample: recruted by respondents and organisations. Men N:30, women N:30 |
Respondents N = | 216 |
Non Response | Not available |
Assesment | Interview: face-to-face |
| Lengthy interviews |
General remarks | Same study reported in LOWEN 73 and CHIRI 75 |
Happiness measure(s) used |
Author's label | | Our subject description |
Activity-scope | show | Current time-usage |
Ease-contentment activities | show | Current leisure activity |
Ease-contentment activities | show | Current time-usage, also classified as above ↑ |
Ease-contentment activities | show | Leisure, also classified as above ↑ |
Ease-contentment activities | show | Leisure activity level, also classified as above ↑ |
Expressive activities | show | Current contacts |
Expressive activities | show | Socializing, also classified as above ↑ |
Expressive activities | show | Time spend socializing, also classified as above ↑ |
Familial roles | show | Current number of roles |
Familial roles | show | Ever had children (vs not), also classified as above ↑ |
Familial roles | show | Family career (family life-cycle), also classified as above ↑ |
Familial roles | show | Having grand-children, also classified as above ↑ |
Familial roles | show | Number of siblings, also classified as above ↑ |
Growth activities | show | Current time-usage |
Growth activities | show | Studying, also classified as above ↑ |
Hedonistic activities | show | Current use of stimulants |
Hedonistic activities | show | Leisure, also classified as above ↑ |
Hedonistic activities | show | Leisure activity level, also classified as above ↑ |
Instrumental activities | show | Current time-usage |
Non-goal directed activities | show | Household work |
Non-goal directed activities | show | Personal care, also classified as above ↑ |
Occupational roles | show | Current employment status |
Occupational roles | show | Current number of roles, also classified as above ↑ |
Occupational roles | show | Current occupation, also classified as above ↑ |
Occupational roles | show | Involved in schooling or not, also classified as above ↑ |
Occupational roles | show | Work roles, also classified as above ↑ |
Philosophical activities | show | Concern about meaning |
Philosophical activities | show | Concern about own values, also classified as above ↑ |
Philosophical activities | show | Concern about religion, also classified as above ↑ |
Respondent- interviewer agreement | show | Congruency self-image and reputation |
Self-criticism | show | Self-critical |
Social service activities | show | Current support behavior |
Social service activities | show | Time spent on work and care, also classified as above ↑ |
Social service activities | show | Voluntary work, also classified as above ↑ |
Stage of life | show | Later life-change |
Stage of life | show | Later retirement, also classified as above ↑ |
Stage of life | show | Recent marriage, also classified as above ↑ |
Stage of life | show | Stage of life, also classified as above ↑ |
Total role scope | show | Current number of roles |