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Studies

Harder (1969): study US 1969

Publication

Author(s):
Harder, J.M.
Title:
Self-Actualization, Mood, and Personality Adjustment in Married Women.
Source:
Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, Teachers' College, Columbia University, 1969, USA

Investigation

Public
Married females, USA, 196?
Sample
Respondents
N = 62
Non Response
-
Assessment
Multiple assesment methods
Expert ratings, structured interview, and structured questionnaire

Happiness Measure(s) and Distributional Findings

Full text:
Self report on single question:

In thinking over the past year, indicate how elated or depressed, happy or unhappy you have felt in the last year?
10  Complete elation, rapturous joy and soaring ecstasy
9    Very elated and in very high spirits. Tremendous  delight       
      and buoyancy.
8    Elated and in high spirits.
7    Feeling very good and cheerful.
6    Feeling pretty good , "OK".
5    Feeling a little bit low. Just so-so.
4    Spirits low and somewhat "blue".
3    Depressed and feeling very low. Definitely "blue".
2    Tremendously depressed.
      Feeling terrible, really miserable, "just awful".
1    Utter depression and gloom. Completely down.
      All is black and leaden. Wish it were all over.
Classification:
A-AOL-cy-sq-v-10-a
Author's label:
Happiness
Remarks:
Average mood:  actual range: 4.4 - 7.4; M = 5.6; S.D. = .65; Ms' = 6.2
Peak mood      : actual range: 4.9 - 8.1; M = 6.4; S.D. = .88; Ms' = 7.1
Through mood:  actual range: 2.3 - 7.2; M = 4.7; S.D. = .88; Ms' = 5.2
Observed distribution
Summary Statistics
On original range 1 - 10 On range 0-10
Mean:
5.60 6.20
SD:
1.10 -
Full text:
Self report on single question, answered every evening before retiring during six weeks (experience sampling)

"On average;  how elated or depressed,  happy or unhappy you felt today....?
10  Complete elation, rapturous joy and soaring ecstasy
9    Very elated and in very high spirits.   Tremendous
      delight and buoyancy
8    Elated and in high spirits
7    Feeling very good and cheerful
6    Feeling pretty good , "OK"
5    Feeling a little bit low. Just so-so
4    Spirits low and somewhat 'blue'
3    Depressed and feeling very low.
      Definitely 'blue'
2    Tremendously depressed.
      Feeling terrible, really miserable, "just awful"
1    Utter depression and gloom. Completely down.
      All is black and leaden. Wish it were all over.

Name:  Wessman & Ricks'  `Elation - depression scale'
Classification:
A-ARE-md-sqr-v-10-b
Author's label:
Mood
Observed distribution
Summary Statistics
On original range 1 - 10 On range 0-10
Mean:
5.60 6.20
SD:
0.65 -

Correlational Findings

Author's label Subject Description Finding Fullness vs emptiness of life Feeling full (vs empty) Fullness of life Feeling full (vs empty) Elation vs depression A-AOL by A-ARE Anxiety Current mental complaints Neuroticism Neurotic (f48) Inner directedness Inner locus of control Self-actualization Self-perceived maturity Need for social approval Approval seeking Adjustment Current positive mental health Openness Open Satisfaction with role Feeling energetic (vs lethargic, tired) Time competence Current time-organization Companionship (vs being isolated) Feeling close (vs remote) Energy (vs fatigue) Feeling energetic (vs lethargic, tired) Fullness (vs emptiness of life) Feeling full (vs empty) Tranquility (vs anxiety) Feeling tranquil (vs restless)