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Correlational findings

Study Hawkins & Booth (2005): study US 1980

Public
Couples, USA, followed 12 years, 1980-1992
Survey name
US-Longitudinal study Instability of marriage over life course
Sample
Respondents
N = 1150
Non Response
35%
Assessment
Interview: Computer Assisted Telephone Interview (CATI)

Correlate

Authors's Label
Unhappily married
Our Classification
Error Estimates
Alpha=.87
Remarks
Assessed at T1(1980), T2(1983), T3(1988) and T4(1992)
Distribution
M=.14, SD=.35, Range 0-1
Operationalization
Selfreport on 11 questions on marital happiness.
Seven items ask about happiness with specific aspects of marriage such as understanding, agreement and faithfulness.
Four items are concerned with the global satisfaction of the marriage, such as overall happiness and whether the marriage is getting better or worse.

Ss were classified as "Unhappily married" when Ss were married continuously and score below the mean marital happiness in all four times.

1 unhappily married
0 other

Observed Relation with Happiness

Happiness Measure Statistics Elaboration / Remarks O-HL-c-sq-v-3-ad r = -.25 p < .001 T1 Happiness by T1-T4 unhappily married O-HL-c-sq-v-3-ad r = -.21 p < .001 T4 Happiness by T1-T4 unhappily married

Continuous but unhappily marrieds are less happy than Ss who divorced and remained unmarried (r = -.12)