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Correlational findings

Study Linn & McGranahan (1980): study US 1984

Public
Physicians, California, USA, 1984
Survey name
Unnamed study
Sample
Respondents
N = 211
Non Response
Assessment
Questionnaire: Paper & Pencil Interview (PAPI)
Mailed questionnaire. Detail on measurement taken from Linn et all, 1986 'Health habits and coping behaviors among practicing physicians'. Western Journal of Medicine, 1986, vol. 144, 484-489

Correlate

Authors's Label
Zung Depression Scale score
Our Classification
Error Estimates
Crombach alpha. 8c
Remarks
Adapted from Zung Depression Scale
Operationalization
Selfreport on 20 questions
a. I feel down-hearted and blue
b. Morning is when I feel the best
c. I have crying spells or feel like it
d. I have trouble sleeping at night
e. I eat as much as I used to
f. I still enjoy sex
g. I notice that I am losing weight
h. I have trouble with constipation
i. My heart beats faster than usual
j. I get tired for no reasonk
k. My mind is as clear as it used to be
l. I find it easy to do the things I used to
m. I am restless and cant keep still
n. I feel hopeful about the future
o. I am more irritable than usual
p. I find it easy to make decisions
q. I feel that I am useful and needed
r. My life is pretty full
s. I feel that others would be better off if I were dead
t. I still enjoy the things I used to do
Adapted from Zung

Observed Relation with Happiness

Happiness Measure Statistics Elaboration / Remarks O-DT-u-sq-v-7-a r = -.61 p < .0001