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Correlational findings

Study Ovaska & Takashima (2006): study ZZ 1990

Public
18+ aged, general public, 68 nations, 1990-2001.
Sample
Respondents
N = 120000
Non Response
Assessment
Interview: face-to-face

Correlate

Authors's Label
Economic freedom
Our Classification
Remarks
Source: Fraser Institute; Gwartney and Lawson 2004.
Distribution
M = 5,76; SD = 1,31; Range: 3,58 - 8,24.
Operationalization
Economic Freedom of the World Index (EFW); averaged data for the 1990s.
Components in 5 areas:
a: Size of Government: Expenditures, Taxes and Enterprises
b: Legal Structure and Security of Property Rights
c: Access to Sound Moneyd:. Freedom to Trade Internationally
e: Regulation of Credit, Labor, and Business.

Observed Relation with Happiness

Happiness Measure Statistics Elaboration / Remarks O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a b = +.13 p < .01 Average happiness by Economic Freedom in 68 nations

B controlled for:(step 1)
-GDP per capita
-Political freedom
-Life expectancy
-GDP growth
-Government size
-Asia (dummy) O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a b = +.10 p < .01 B additionally controlled for:(step 2)
-Educational attainment
-Female labor participation
-Unemployment rate
-Inflation rate O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a b = +.03 ns B addionally controlled for: (step 3)
-GDP per capita neigbor-nations
-Export
-Import
-Christianity (dummy)
-Islam (dummy)
-Population aging O-SLW-c-sq-n-10-a b = +.24 p < .05 Average life-satisfaction by Economic Freedom in 68 nations

B controlled for:(step 1)
-GDP per capita
-Political freedom
-Life expectancy
-GDP growth
-Government size
-Asia (dummy) O-SLW-c-sq-n-10-a b = +.25 p < .05 B additionally controlled for:(step 2)
-Educational attainment
-Female labor participation
-Unemployment rate
-Inflation rate O-SLW-c-sq-n-10-a b = +.02 ns B addionally controlled for: (step 3)
-GDP per capita neigbor-nations
-Export
-Import
-Christianity (dummy)
-Islam (dummy)
-Population aging