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Correlational findings

Study Godoy-Izquierdo et al. (2009): study ES 2007

Public
Exercisers and non-exercisers, Spain, 200?
Survey name
Unnamed study
Sample
Respondents
N = 205
Non Response
Assessment
Questionnaire: Paper & Pencil Interview (PAPI)
Questionnaires handed out in public and private health and fitness & sports clubs, gyms and centers and in public community places, and completed at the instant.

Correlate

Authors's Label
Perceived contribution of self-confidence
Our Classification
Remarks
Item in list of 20 conditions for happiness
Distribution
Exercisers: M: 7,84   SD: 1,64,  Non-exercisers: M: 7,28   SD: 2,08
Operationalization
Self-rating in response to question: "Please, indicate the degree in which you think the following conditions contribute to your general happiness..."
.
. "self-confidence and self-assurance"
.
Rated on scale 0 (no influence) to 10 (complete influence)

Observed Relation with Happiness

Happiness Measure Statistics Elaboration / Remarks M-FH-g-sq-n-11-c r = +.33 p < .01 Exercisers only (N=94) M-FH-g-sq-n-11-c Beta = +.23 p < .00 Beta after accounting for: Perceived contribution of:
Personal strengths, skills and resources
Family and family relationships
Friendship and social relationships
Faith, religion, ethic or moral values
Health, well-being, and quality of life
Power, status, and importance of yourself in society
Money, wealth, and luxuries
Satisfaction of basic needs (e.g. food, housing, etc.)
Love, loving and being loved
Partnership and sexuality
Sense of humour, attitudes and positive emotions
Work and work relationships
Goals, challenges and vital commitments
The way you are or personality
Sense of belonging
Habits and lifestyles
Self-image and self-esteem
Personal autonomy and independence
Genes and heredity

when ONLY exercisers are considered