Study Bankoff (1981): study US 1979

Public

Widowed women in grief, USA, 198?

Survey name

Unnamed study

Sample

Respondents

N = 447

Non Response

50%

Assessment

Questionnaire: Paper & Pencil Interview (PAPI)
Mailed questionnaire

Correlate

Authors's Label

Type of friendship support

Our Classification

Remarks

Crisis loss phase: (Husband died less than 18 months ago. Ss reports to be still in intense grief. N=126) Transition loss phase: (Husband died 2-5 years ago. Ss reports grieving to limited extend. N=321)

Related specification variables

Operationalization

Single direct questions about social support by friends (married friends, widowed/single friends and neighborhood friends):




1.Emotional support: "How much can you
  depend on your..... friends for
  support and comfort, when you are
  feeling down".






2.Guidance: "how much can you depend
  on your ....friends for information
  and advice about what to do or who
  to see about problems you are
  experiencing as a widowed person."









3.Approval for starting to lead an
  active social life: "How much do your
  ....friends approve of you as a
  widowed person having (or wanting)
  an active social life."




4.Social companionship:  
- the frequency of recreation,
  entertainment or social activities.
- number of accompagning network-
  members.

5.Intimacy: the frequency with which
  the widows have discussed their
  important personal problems.










6.Attention: amount of contact widows
  have had with their friends.











7.Dependability: the extent to which
  which the widows felt they could
  depend on their friends in case of
  emergency.






8.Overall support

Observed Relation with Happiness