| Study | DeVoe & Pfeffer (2009): study US 2002 |
| Title | When Is Happiness About How Much You Earn? The Effect of Hourly Payment on the Money-Happiness Connection. |
| Source | Personality and Social Psychology Bulliten, 2009, Vol. 12, 1602 - 1618 |
| DOI | DOI:10.1177/0146167209346304 |
| Public | Working people, USA, 2002 |
| Sample | Probability stratified sample |
| Non-Response | |
| Respondents N = | 15450 |
| Correlate | |
| Author's label | Income |
| Page in Source | 1607 |
| Our classification | Household income |
| Operationalization | Self report on household income in US$ 2002 1: under 1000 . . 23: 110,00 or more |
| Observed distribution | M = 54,759, SD= 37,151 |
| Observed Relation with Happiness | ||
| Happiness Measure | Statistics | Elaboration/Remarks |
| O-HL-c-sq-v-4-f | r=+.17 p < .01 | salaried r = +.03 (ns) paid by the hour: r = +.22 (001) Significant interaction between income and hourly status, income has a greater effect on happiness for those paid by the hour: ? = +.13 (05) |
| O-HL-c-sq-v-4-f | Beta=+.01 ns | Beta controlled for - hourly status (salaried vs paid by the hour) - occupation - age - gender - education - marital status - having children |
| Code | Full Text |
| O-HL-c-sq-v-4-f | Selfreport on single question: If you were to consider your life in general these days, how happy or unhappy would you say you are, on the whole...? 4 very happy 3 fairly happy 2 not very happy 1 not at all happy |
| Symbol | Explanation |
| Beta | STANDARDIZED REGRESSION COEFFICIENT by LEAST SQUARES (OLS) Type: test statistic. Measurement level: Correlates: all metric, Happiness: metric. Range: [-1 ; +1] Meaning: beta > 0 « a higher correlate level corresponds to a higher happiness rating on average. beta < 0 « a higher correlate level corresponds to a higher happiness rating on average. beta = 0 « no correlation. beta = + 1 or -1 « perfect correlation. |
| r | PRODUCT-MOMENT CORRELATION COEFFICIENT (Also "Pearson's correlation coefficient' or simply 'correlation coefficient') Type: test statistic. Measurement level: Correlate: metric, Happiness: metric Range: [-1; +1] Meaning: r = 0 « no correlation , r = 1 « perfect correlation, where high correlate values correspond with high happiness values, and r = -1 « perfect correlation, where high correlate values correspond with low happiness values. |