| Study | Molnar (1985): study US 1981 |
| Title | Determinants of Subjective Well-Being among Farm Operators. |
| Source | Rural Sociology, 1985, Vol. 50, 141 - 162 |
| Public | Farm operators, Alabama, USA, 1981 |
| Sample | |
| Non-Response | 29,9% |
| Respondents N = | 705 |
| Correlate | |
| Author's label | Combined off-farm employment status |
| Page in Source | 154,156 |
| Our classification | Time spend to farming |
| Operationalization | Closed questions on: a: 'Husband's off-farm workdays' (rated on a 6-point scale ranging from 'none' to '200 or more') b 'Wife's work on the farm' (rated on a 3-point scale: 1. did not work off the farm / 2. worked part-time / 3. worked full ime). |
| Observed Relation with Happiness | ||
| Happiness Measure | Statistics | Elaboration/Remarks |
| C-BW-cy-sq-l-9-a | DM=+/- | - husband employed off-farm Mt' = 6.8 - wife employed off-farm Mt' = 6.1 - both employed off-farm Mt' = 6.6 - neither employed off-farm Mt' = 6.5 |
| C-BW-cy-sq-l-9-a | R²=.10 | |
| C-BW-cy-sq-l-9-a | Beta=+.18 p < .01 | ß controlled for: - gross farm sales - percent farm income - total family income - off-farm work days - land operated - growth plans - commitment to farming - economic constraints - self-definition - age - education When specified for size of farm: -small ß=+.23 -medium ß=+.19 -large ß=+.03 |
| Code | Full Text |
| C-BW-cy-sq-l-9-a | Selfreport on single question: "Here is a picture of a ladder. At the bottom of the ladder is the worst life you might reasonably expect to have. At the top is the best life you might expect to have. Of course, life from week to week falls somewhere in between. Where was your life most of the time during the past year?" [ 9 ] best life you might expect to have [ 8 ] [ 7 ] [ 6 ] [ 5 ] [ 4 ] [ 3 ] [ 2 ] [ 1 ] worst life you might expect to have Name: Cantril's self anchoring ladder rating (modified version) |
| Symbol | Explanation |
| Beta | STANDARDIZED REGRESSION COEFFICIENT by LEAST SQUARES (OLS) Type: test statistic. Measurement level: Correlates: all metric, Happiness: metric. Range: [-1 ; +1] Meaning: beta > 0 « a higher correlate level corresponds to a higher happiness rating on average. beta < 0 « a higher correlate level corresponds to a higher happiness rating on average. beta = 0 « no correlation. beta = + 1 or -1 « perfect correlation. |
| DM | DIFFERENCE of MEANS Type: descriptive statistic only. Measurement level: Correlate: dichotomous, Happiness: metric Range: depending on the happiness rating scale of the author; range symmetric about zero. Meaning: the difference of the mean happiness, as measured on the author's rating scale, between the two correlate levels. |
| R² | COEFFICIENT of DETERMINATION Type: test statistic Measurement level: Correlates: all metric, Happiness: metric Range: [0; 1] Meaning: R² = 0 « no influence of any correlate in this study has been established. R² = 1 « the correlates determine the happiness completely. |