| Study | Iwasaki & Smale (1998): study CA 1981 |
| Title | Longitudinal Analyses of the Relationships among Life Transitions, Chronic Health Problems, Leisure, and Psychological Well?being |
| Source | Leisure Sciences, 1998, Vol. 20, 25 - 52 |
| URL | https://doi.org/10.1080/01490409809512263 |
| Public | Aged 23-96, Canada, 1981-1988 |
| Sample | Probability multi-stage cluster sample |
| Non-Response | |
| Respondents N = | 2744 |
| Correlate | |
| Author's label | Change employment status |
| Page in Source | 33 |
| Our classification | Change in having work |
| Operationalization | Selfreport on employment status: A from homemaker to employed B From employed to homemaker C Became unemployed D Became retired |
| Remarks | Question not reported DM computed by WDH-team |
| Observed Relation with Happiness | ||
| Happiness Measure | Statistics | Elaboration/Remarks |
| A-BB-cm-mq-v-3-a | DM= | WOMEN DM A from homemaker to employed +0.67 B From employed to homemaker +0.42 C Became unemployed 0.00 D Became retired -0.52 |
| A-BB-cm-mq-v-3-a | DM= | MEN DM A From unemployed to employed +1.44 B From employed to unemployed -1.54 C Became retired +0.08 |
| Code | Full Text |
| A-BB-cm-mq-v-3-a | Selfreport on 10 questions: During the past few weeks, did you ever feel ....? ) A Particularly excited or interested in something? B So restless that you couldn't sit long in a chair? C Proud because someone complimented you on something you had done? D Very lonely or remote from other people? E Pleased about having accomplished something? F Bored? G On top of the world? H Depressed or very unhappy? I That things were going your way? J Upset because someone criticized you? Answer options and scoring: 1 never 2 sometimesd 3 often Summation: -Positive Affect Score (PAS): A+C+E+G+I -Negative Affect Score (NAS): B+D+F+H+J -Affect Balance Score (ABS): PAS minus NAS Possible range: -20 to +20 Name: Bradburn's 'Affect Balance Scale' (standard version) |
| Symbol | Explanation |
| DM | DIFFERENCE of MEANS Type: descriptive statistic only. Measurement level: Correlate: dichotomous, Happiness: metric Range: depending on the happiness rating scale of the author; range symmetric about zero. Meaning: the difference of the mean happiness, as measured on the author's rating scale, between the two correlate levels. |