print

Correlational findings

Study Fordyce (1977): study US 1972

Public
Student participants in a happiness training, USA 197?
Survey name
Unnamed study
Sample
Respondents
N = 202
Non Response
Assessment
Questionnaire: Paper & Pencil Interview (PAPI)

Correlate

Authors's Label
Program to increase personal happiness
Our Classification
Remarks
Happiness measured pre-test and post-test
Distribution
Pre and posttest: 1a: n = 26; 1b: n = 16, 1c:n = 26; 0: n = 27.
Posttest only: 1a: n = 48; 1b: n = 44, 1c:n = 50; 0: n = 60.
Operationalization
Students were required to apply the program on a daily basis for a period of 2 weeks, keeping record each evening before retiring on a) what items they had tried, b) how succesful they felt they had been, c) any noticable effect the program was generating.  

A different program was given to 3 adjustement psychology classes as part of their normal clss activities

1: TREATMENTS
1a Insight program: Subjects read selected chapters from the book 'Human happiness' and on that basis a0 took notes of what they themselves might adopt in their daily living, and b) practice any three things on that list
1b Fundamentals program:  Students received a list of 9 behaviours that are typical for happy people and worked on at least 3 of these each day:
1c Activities program: Assignments were given to help students think about their personal happiness and the kinds of situations and activities that made them happy to develop a list of  \t least 10 items on a) what usually made them happy, b) they would do almost everry day and c) they normally did not take the time to do. Students then practiced at least 3 of these activities each day

0: CONTROL Suggestion group; Students followed (placebo) course activities and were told repeatedly that these would help to become happier

Observed Relation with Happiness

Happiness Measure Statistics Elaboration / Remarks A-Sum-g-mq-*-111-a DM = + p < .01 Post-test mean LEVEL of happiness
1a insights program       65,6 |
1b fundamentals program   71,9 | 69,8
1c activities program     72,1 |
0 Control                        60,2
- difference                    + 9,6
A-Sum-g-mq-*-111-a D%sr = + p < .01                                 + 8,7% A-AOL-g-sq-v-11-a DM = + p < .01 Post-test mean LEVEL of happiness
1a insights program       7,30 |
1b fundamentals program   7,66 | 7,58
1c activities program     7,78 |
0 Control                        6,49
- difference                    +1.09
A-AOL-g-sq-v-11-a D%sr = + p < .01                                 +10,9% A-TH-g-mq-th%-100-a DM = + p < .01 Post-test mean LEVEL of happiness
1a insights program       41,0 |
1b fundamentals program   53,0 | 48,7
1c activities program     51,3 |
0 Control                        30,2
- difference                    +18.5

Net time happy computed by WDH team
A-TH-g-mq-th%-100-a D%sr = + p < .01                                +18.5% A-Sum-g-mq-*-111-a DMa = + p < .01 POST-test level of Happiness adjusted for PRE-Test level
1a insights program       63,4 |
1b fundamentals program   72,4 | 69,5
1c activities program     72,9 |
0 Control                        59,3
- difference                    +10.2
A-Sum-g-mq-*-111-a D%sr = + p < .01                                 +9,3% A-AOL-g-sq-v-11-a DMa = + p < .01 POST-test level of Happiness adjusted for PRE-Test level
1a insights program       7.18 |
1b fundamentals program   7.73 | 7,59
1c activities program     7.85 |
0 Control                        6,27
- difference                    +1,32
A-AOL-g-sq-v-11-a D%sr = + p < .01                                 +13,2% A-TH-g-mq-th%-100-a DMa = + p < .01 POST-test level of Happiness adjusted for PRE-Test level
1a insights program       40,6 |
1b fundamentals program   40,4 | 48,0
1c activities program     42,9 |
0 Control                        29,1
- difference                    +18,9
A-TH-g-mq-th%-100-a D%sr = + p < .01                                 +18,9%


Adjustments to pre-test happiness are meant to erase initial differences between treatment and control groups and made using covariance.