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Correlational findings

Study Bachman et al. (1978): study US 1966

Public
Public highschool boys followed 8 years from grade 10, USA, 1966-74
Sample
Respondents
N = 1628
Non Response
2.8% at T1, 17.2% at T2, 21.0% at T3, 28.9% at T4, 28.5% at T5
Assessment
Multiple assesment methods
Interviews, tests and questionnaires

Correlate

Authors's Label
School attitudes
Our Classification
Operationalization
Positive and negative school attitudes were measured at T1, T2 and T3. Positive school attitude: a mean of
15 items which stress the intrinsic value of education; scale: 1.00 = low (education has little value) to 4.00 = high (education has high value)
Negative school attitude: a mean of 8
items indicating the respondent's negative or avoidance attitudes toward school. Scale: 1.00 = low negativity;
4.00 = high negativity

Observed Relation with Happiness

Happiness Measure Statistics Elaboration / Remarks O-HP-g-mq-v-5-a tau = p < .001               Positive school attitudes
Happiness     T1        T2        T2
T1      tau = +.41      +.27      +.25
T2      tau = +.33      +.39      +.32
T3      tau = +.23      +.27      +.37
T4      tau = +.20      +.23      +.27
All tau's significant (001)

              Negative school attitudes
Happiness     T1        T2        T3
T1        _ = -.25      -.21      -.22
T2        _ = -.21      -.26      -.23
T3        _ = -.17      -.18      -.27
T4        _ = -.18      -.16      -.19
All _ significant (001)
T1:1966, T2:1968, T3:1969, T4:1970