Study Covinsky et al. (1999): study US 1994
- Public
- 80+ aged patients 2 months after hospitalization, USA, 1994
- Sample
- Respondents
- N = 493
- Non Response
- 564
- Assessment
- Interview: Computer Assisted Telephone Interview (CATI)
Correlate
- Authors's Label
- Psychological distress
- Our Classification
-
-
- Distribution
- N: 1=151, 2=157, 3=154
- Operationalization
- Selfreport on 14 questions about depression and anxiety during the prior week(McNair et.al Moods Profile)
Psychological distress scores were calculated by summing the profiles of mood states, depression and anxiety scales:
1=lowest tertile (least distressed)
2=middle tertile
3=highest tertitle (most distressed)
Observed Relation with Happiness
2. M=2.96 SD=.90
3. M=2.42 SD=.98
"good or better" versus
"fair or worse"
1: 3.2
2: 2.2
3: 1 (reference)
Chance controled for
- physical capacity
- independence in daily activities
- pain