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Correlational findings

Study Borg & Wächterhshäuser (1990): study XZ Germany West 1988

Public
Students and professionals, town Germany, 1988
Sample
Respondents
N = 264
Non Response
15%
Assessment
Questionnaire: Paper & Pencil Interview (PAPI)

Correlate

Authors's Label
Internal or external locus-of-control belief
Our Classification
Remarks
154 respondents were left out of consideration
Distribution
Predominantly internal (gt 87% on I-scale and lt 84% on P- and C-scales)were 47 repondents
Predominantly external (< 87 on I-scale and > 84 on P- and/or C-scale) were 63 respondents
Operationalization
Respondents were indicated as internal or external depending on their filling out the IPC questionnaire of Krampen (1981) by which they rate the locus-of-control as internal (I-scale) or external (P-scale = 'others"; C-scale = 'chance').

Observed Relation with Happiness

Happiness Measure Statistics Elaboration / Remarks O-SL?-?-sq-n-11-a DMt = + p < .000 Happiness rated before and after filling out questionnaire on satisfaction with 19 apects of life)
             Before      After
- internals: Mt=7.47     Mt=7.21
- externals: Mt=5.75     Mt=5.98