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Correlational findings

Study Holahan et al. (1999): study US 1960

Public
Gifted (IQ>135) followed unto old age, USA, 1960-1992
Sample
Respondents
N = 383
Non Response
Assessment
Interview: face-to-face
Repeated, with questionnaires

Correlate

Authors's Label
Lived up to ability
Our Classification
Remarks
T1:1960, T2:1972, T3:1992
Distribution
T2
N: 1=115, 2=223
Operationalization
Self-appraisal of having lived up to abilities.
Participants were asked "On the whole, how well do you think you have lived up to your intellectual abilities?" Responses were coded in two categories
1: did not live-up
2: lived-up
Assessed at T1 (1960)

Observed Relation with Happiness

Happiness Measure Statistics Elaboration / Remarks M-PL-h-sq-v-5-b DM = + T1 lived up by T2 happiness
Men   1.M=3.71 SD=0.89
      2.M=4.15 SD=0.85
Women 1.M=3.76 SD=1.08
In univariate analyses of covariance (ANCOVAs) there was a significant lived-up effect:
F(1,332)= 13.85, MSE=.82 p<0.001
      2.M=4.19 SD=0.92
M-AC-h-mq-v-8-a DM = + T1 lived up by T2 happiness
In univariate analyses of covariance(ANCOVAs) there was a significant lived-up effect:
F(1,310)=10,65, MSE=.84, p<.05
O-SLW-c-sq-n-9-a DM = + T1 lived up by T3 happiness
Univariate analyses of covariance (ANCOVAs) was significant for lived-up:
F(1,355)=10.71, MSE=2,25, p<.001
LISREL analysis showed no direct link when T2 perceid goal relization was controled.